[spoiler title=”Lesson Video”]
Direct Download of Video(For mobile / offline viewing)(right click > save target as)
[/spoiler]
[spoiler title=”Lesson Source Code”]
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#include
#include
using namespace std;
int main(){
//Write a program that allows a user to enter three numbers, store the sum of them in a variable called total, then output the total.
//Ex. Credit: re-write that program without the total variable.
//Variables -- int / long, double / float, and string / char
string str = "Hello World";
cout < < "Str = " << str << endl;
int myNumber = 75000; // Whole numbers only
cout << "MyNumber = " << myNumber << endl;
double myDouble = 5.5555;
cout << "MyDouble = " << myDouble << endl;
int userValue = 0;
cout << "Please Enter a value: ";
cin >> userValue;
cout < < "userValue = " << userValue << endl;
cout << endl;
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
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[/spoiler]
Homework is described and should be submitted here: https://beginnerscpp.com/forums/index.php/topic,51.0.html
–Hello World–
This lesson opened with an example of programming that’s literally as old as programming. Let’s look at the simplest program in C++ and then break it down into it’s parts.
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#include
using namespace std;
int main(){
cout < < "Hello World" << endl;
return 0;
} //end main
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#include
This line is telling the compiler that we’re going to be including a library called iostream. This library contains cout, cin, and a few other lesser-used input / output options for programs.
using namespace std;
This line tells the compiler that we’re going to be using items from the standard C++ namespace, this makes it so we don’t need to prepend std:: to commands like cin or cout.
int main(){
This line is fairly simple, it shows where the start of the “main” part of our program is. I want you guys to take special notice to the { though. That’s known as a Scope Bracket, these can make your life easier or harder based on the habits you develop with them now. You guys should use this as something of a rule when it comes to programming: “Every line I write should end with either a ; or an { or } . This will make your life much easier, especially in the early stages of programming.
cout < < "Hello World"<
This line calls the function “cout” from the iostream library, and passes in the text string “Hello World”. The part after that (endl) is just to make a new line after that. We’ll get more into how this works in subsequent lessons, or go here for more examples
return 0;
This line tells the compiler that it can “return” (to the command prompt) if everything went well. The return command will make more sense later. The reason we’re using return 0 and not some other number is because that means “The program exited normally” to most host OS’s.
} //end main
This is really just a closing bracket } , the //end main after it is what’s known as a comment. Comments are used by programmers to keep track of what’s what in a program. In this case when you have a longer program with many brackets, you might want to know that this bracket is closing your int main() opening bracket.
Concepts learned:
- Including libraries (#include
- Variables (type variableName)
- Types (see below)
- Initialization
- Simple input / output
Types used:
int, long
These types are used to represent whole numbers.
double / float
These types are used to represent floating point values (numbers that may have decimal points).
string / char
String and char are two types that are used to represent letter and number values.